Review the genitive and accusative cases
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Betsey:Hello everyone and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Beginner series, season 1, lesson 25, Planning a Date in Poland Can be Tricky! I’m Betsey. |
| Joanna:And I’m Joanna. |
| Betsey:In this last lesson of the series, we’ll review the genitive and accusative cases. |
| Joanna:This conversation takes place at Jan’s house. |
| Betsey:And it’s between Ewa and Jan. |
| Joanna:They’re friends, so they’ll be using informal Polish. |
| Betsey:Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Jan:Czy masz czas w środę? |
| Ewa:Niestety, nie. Idę do teatru na spektakl. |
| Jan:A w czwartek? |
| Ewa:Idę do filharmonii na koncert. |
| Jan:Kiedy masz czas? |
| Ewa:W piątek. Dlaczego pytasz? |
| Jan:Może pójdziemy razem do kawiarni na kawę? |
| Alisha: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Jan:Czy masz czas w środę? |
| Ewa:Niestety, nie. Idę do teatru na spektakl. |
| Jan:A w czwartek? |
| Ewa:Idę do filharmonii na koncert. |
| Jan:Kiedy masz czas? |
| Ewa:W piątek. Dlaczego pytasz? |
| Jan:Może pójdziemy razem do kawiarni na kawę? |
| Alisha: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Jan:Czy masz czas w środę? |
| Betsey:Do you have time on Wednesday? |
| Ewa:Niestety, nie. Idę do teatru na spektakl. |
| Betsey:Unfortunately not. I'm going to the theater for a play. |
| Jan:A w czwartek? |
| Betsey:What about Thursday? |
| Ewa:Idę do filharmonii na koncert. |
| Betsey:I'm going to the Philharmonic for a concert. |
| Jan:Kiedy masz czas? |
| Betsey:When do you have time? |
| Ewa:W piątek. Dlaczego pytasz? |
| Betsey:Friday evening. Why do you ask? |
| Jan:Może pójdziemy razem do kawiarni na kawę? |
| Betsey:Maybe we could go to the café for a cup of coffee? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Betsey:So Joanna, what’s dating like in Poland? |
| Joanna:First of all, there’s a growing number of people in Poland who think that being single is the best thing ever, that being in relationship is bothersome and causes too much trouble |
| Betsey:So, they’re choosing to be single? |
| Joanna:Yes, they do. They prefer to have fun, meet with friends, maybe date occasionally, but without thinking about it as something that will lead to a relationship. Just freedom and fun. |
| Betsey:Okay, but if someone does date, what’s it like? |
| Joanna:I guess it’s similar to other countries - romantic walks and dinners, movies, and so on. But all those ideas for dates seem old-fashioned for many, and simply boring. Nowadays, young people are looking for something new and exciting that they can do together. |
| Betsey:And what about Valentine’s Day? |
| Joanna:Good question! If you’re a man and you’re thinking of giving the girl you like a teddy bear, chocolates or roses, you’d better think twice! Now, men are expected to be more creative than that! I guess it’s still fine to receive those kinds of gifts, as long as it doesn’t happen every single year! |
| Betsey:I suppose it’s good to be creative sometimes! Anyway, let’s move on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Betsey:Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| :The first word we shall see is Joanna:niestety [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:unfortunately |
| Joanna:niestety [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:niestety [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:teatr [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:theater |
| Joanna:teatr [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:teatr [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:filharmonia [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:philharmonic |
| Joanna:filharmonia [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:filharmonia [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:kawiarnia [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:café |
| Joanna:kawiarnia [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:kawiarnia [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:wieczór [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:evening |
| Joanna:wieczór [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:wieczór [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:dlaczego [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:why |
| Joanna:dlaczego [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:dlaczego [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:pytać [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:to ask |
| Joanna:pytać [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:pytać [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:kawa [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:coffee |
| Joanna:kawa [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:kawa [natural native speed] |
| :Next Joanna:do [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:to, until |
| Joanna:do [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:do [natural native speed] |
| :And last Joanna:na [natural native speed] |
| Betsey:for, on |
| Joanna:na [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna:na [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Betsey:Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Joanna:The first word is ‘czas’ |
| Betsey:Which means “time”. |
| Joanna:In Polish, there are quite a lot of phrases and sayings that use this masculine noun. |
| Betsey:Okay, let’s go through the most common ones. |
| Joanna:‘najwyższy czas’ |
| Betsey:“high time” |
| Joanna:‘czas na mnie’ |
| Betsey:“time for me to go”. Use this when you’re about to leave. |
| Joanna:Next is ‘czas to pieniądz’. |
| Betsey:“time is money” |
| Joanna:‘na czas’ |
| Betsey:“on time” |
| Joanna:‘zabijać czas’ |
| Betsey:literally, “to kill time”. Okay, moving on. What’s the next word? |
| Joanna:‘kawiarnia’ |
| Betsey:“cafe” |
| Joanna:This is another very useful word. |
| Betsey:Yes, and it’s a feminine noun |
| Joanna:And it’s used for a place where you can enjoy coffee or tea, and also ice-cream and cakes. It’s derived from another noun, ‘kawa’. |
| Betsey:Meaning “coffee”. |
| Joanna:So, the place where we drink ‘kawa’ is ‘kawiarnia’. |
| Betsey:With that, let’s move on to the grammar! |
Lesson focus |
| Betsey:In this lesson, we’ll review the cases we’ve studied before. What are these cases, Joanna? |
| Joanna:The accusative and genitive cases. |
| Betsey:And how are we going to review them? |
| Joanna:We’re going to do it by learning about the two most common prepositions, which require using either of those cases. |
| Betsey:Okay, so what’s the first preposition? |
| Joanna:That will be ‘do’ |
| Betsey:which stands for the English “to”. |
| Joanna:Use it whenever you want to express direction and say that you’re going somewhere, for example - ‘idę do teatru’ |
| Betsey:“I’m going to the theater”. |
| Joanna:This sentence consists of ‘idę’, the first person singular form of the verb ‘iść’ |
| Betsey:“to go” |
| Joanna:...then the preposition ‘do’ |
| Betsey:which means “to”... |
| Joanna:...and lastly, the noun in the genitive form - ‘teatru’ |
| Betsey:“theater”. |
| Joanna:Please remember that the preposition ‘do’ always requires the genitive case. |
| Betsey:That’s a very useful piece of information. What if I want to say - “We’re going (by foot) to the restaurant” |
| Joanna:‘Idziemy do restauracji’ |
| Betsey:What about - “I’m going (by means of transportation) to the movies”? |
| Joanna:‘Jadę do kina’ |
| Betsey:So, all the nouns after the preposition “to” appeared here in the genitive case? |
| Joanna:Exactly. |
| Betsey:I have a feeling that it can’t be that easy for all the cases! |
| Joanna:(laughs) You’ve already learned that in Polish, there are ALWAYS exceptions to the rules! |
| Betsey:YES! Always some exceptions! |
| Joanna:So, unfortunately, I must say that this is no different. There are some places that require different prepositions. In this case it’s the preposition ‘na’, which means... |
| Betsey:...“on” |
| Joanna:But in this situation, it will mean “to”. |
| Betsey:For example- |
| Joanna:‘na lotnisko’... |
| Betsey:...“to the airport”... |
| Joanna:...or ‘na pocztę’... |
| Betsey:...“to the post office”. |
| Joanna:But the main usage of the preposition ‘na’ is for expressing that we’re going to do something somewhere, that is, what we are going to see or do at a place. |
| Betsey:I think an example will be useful here. In the dialogue, Ewa said - “I’m going to the philharmonic for a concert”. |
| Joanna:‘Idę do filharmonii na koncert’ |
| Betsey:Let’s break down this sentence. |
| Joanna:First we had ‘idę’, the first person singular form of the verb ‘iść’... |
| Betsey:…“to go by foot”. |
| Joanna:...then there was the preposition ‘do’... |
| Betsey:...which means “to”. |
| Joanna:Next comes the name of a place, in the genitive case, ‘filharmonii’. |
| Betsey:“philharmonic” |
| Joanna:Next is the preposition ‘na’ |
| Betsey:which means “for” |
| Joanna:and lastly, the activity - ‘koncert’ |
| Betsey:Meaning “concert”. |
| Joanna:So, Ewa went somewhere to do something. Please remember that whenever you want to express what kind of activity you’re going to do, you have to use the preposition ‘na’, and the accusative case. |
| Betsey:You will find more examples of these kinds of sentences in the lesson notes. |
| Joanna:Well, unfortunately we have some bad news now. |
| Betsey:This is the last lesson of this beginner series! |
| Joanna:We hope you learned a lot and enjoyed the lessons! |
| Betsey:Thanks for listening, and see you again soon! |
| Joanna:Do widzenia. |
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