Learn some time expressions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1, Lesson 3 - What Are Your Plans for Tomorrow in Poland? John here. |
| Marzena: Cześć. I'm Marzena. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn some time expressions. The conversation takes place at a coffee shop. |
| Marzena: It's between Mark and Ann. |
| John: The speakers are friends, so they’ll use informal Polish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Marek: Hej Aniu, co słychać? |
| Ania: Jakoś leci, tylko muszę napisać sprawozdanie na jutro i wysłać je przed ósmą. |
| Marek: Oj, współczuje. Ja jutro o ósmej mam egzamin na prawo jazdy. Muszę wstać wcześnie rano. |
| Ania: Biedactwo. |
| Marek: Ale za to po dziesiątej już będę wolny. Co powiesz na kawę? |
| Ania: Niestety, na dziesiątą już mam plany. |
| Marek: No trudno. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Mark: Hey Ann, how are you? |
| Ann: Not too bad, but I have to write a report for tomorrow and send it before eight. |
| Mark: Oh, that's too bad. I have a driving test at eight o'clock tomorrow. I need to wake up early in the morning. |
| Ann: You poor thing. |
| Mark: But after ten I will be free. How about a coffee? |
| Ann: Unfortunately I already have plans for ten. |
| Mark: Oh well. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: So Mark has a driving test? Good luck! I remember being really nervous for my driving test. |
| Marzena: Me too! |
| John: Is it easy to get a driving license in Poland? |
| Marzena: I think that it’s a long and painful process. |
| John: What do you have to do to get your license? |
| Marzena: Intensive courses are not popular in Poland, so people usually have three or four months of practice before they attempt the test. |
| John: Is it a difficult test? |
| Marzena: Like some other European countries, it’s not unusual to fail three or four times before passing. |
| John: Wow, it must be difficult then! |
| Marzena: I think so. |
| John: Do you have to take the test in Polish? |
| Marzena: Actually, you can take the test in German or English, too. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Marzena: słychać [natural native speed] |
| John: to be heard |
| Marzena: słychać[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: słychać [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: lecieć [natural native speed] |
| John: to fly |
| Marzena: lecieć[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: lecieć [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: współczuć [natural native speed] |
| John: to sympathize |
| Marzena: współczuć[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: współczuć [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: egzamin [natural native speed] |
| John: exam |
| Marzena: egzamin[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: egzamin [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: prawo jazdy [natural native speed] |
| John: driving license |
| Marzena: prawo jazdy[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: prawo jazdy [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: biedactwo [natural native speed] |
| John: poor thing |
| Marzena: biedactwo[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: biedactwo [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: powiedzieć [natural native speed] |
| John: to tell |
| Marzena: powiedzieć[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: powiedzieć [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Marzena: niestety [natural native speed] |
| John: unfortunately |
| Marzena: niestety[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: niestety [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Marzena: Co słychać? |
| John: meaning "What's up?" There are two words in this phrase. What do they both mean? |
| Marzena: Co means "what," and słychać means "to be heard." |
| John: So it’s literally “what can be heard.” |
| Marzena: This is an informal expression, so you can use it with your friends. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Co tam słychać? Gdzie jedziecie? |
| John: ...which means "What's up? Where are you going?" |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Marzena: współczuć |
| John: Meaning "to sympathize." This is a verb. |
| Marzena: The first part of the word, współ-, is similar to the English prefix “co-”. |
| John: What does the second part mean? |
| Marzena: czuć means “to feel.” |
| John: It’s easy to see why together they mean “to sympathize.” |
| Marzena: I think so too! |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Bardzo ci współczuje z powodu tego co się stało. |
| John: ...which means "I really sympathize with you because of what happened." |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Marzena: biedactwo |
| John: meaning "poor thing." This is a noun. |
| Marzena: It comes from the word bieda, which means "poverty." |
| John: When can you use this word? |
| Marzena: It can be used to sympathize. |
| John: In English, you can use a word like this in a sarcastic way too. Is it the same in Polish? |
| Marzena: Yes, it is. You can be sarcastic with this, too. It’s rather informal though, so don’t use it in formal situations. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Co ci się stąło, biedactwo? |
| John: ...which means "What happened to you, you poor little thing?" |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn some time expressions. |
| John: How can we talk about a precise time in Polish? |
| Marzena: There are some prepositions we can use for this. |
| John: In this lesson, we’ll look at four such prepositions. What’s the first one? |
| Marzena: o. We can use o with the locative case to express a specific time. |
| John: This preposition means “at.” Okay, how can we use this to say “we are going to meet at 5 o’clock?” |
| Marzena: Spotykamy się o piątej. The second preposition is na. This is used with the accusative case. |
| John: This preposition means “for” or “in.” It can be used for deadlines or to talk about when something happens. Marzena, how can we use this to say “I will prepare dinner for nine.” |
| Marzena: Zrobię obiad na dziewiątą. You can also use this to talk about duration. For example, Jadę na miesiąc do Japonii. |
| John: “I’m going to Japan for one month.” |
| Marzena: The next preposition is przed. This is used with the instrumental case. |
| John: We can use this preposition to talk about something happening “before” a certain time. For example, “I can’t sleep before 10.” |
| Marzena: Which is Nie mogę zasnąć przed dziesiątą in Polish. The last preposition is po. |
| John: This is used with the locative case to say that something will happen “after.” For example, “He came shortly past 11.” |
| Marzena: Przyjechał na krótko po jedenastej. Now, let’s quickly review muszę. |
| John: This is the modal verb “have to.” When used in a sentence, it’s followed by an infinitive. |
| Marzena: Yes. For example Musiałaś ją zapraszać? Now, musieć can be used as “have to,” but can also be “must.” |
| John: What are some other modal verbs in Polish? |
| Marzena: There are modal verbs such as powinienem, “should” in its masculine form. Powinieneś iść na dietę. |
| John: “You should go on a diet.” |
| Marzena: Or mieć, which is “supposed to.” Miałem to zrobić. |
| John: “I was supposed to do it.” Marzena, how do we make propositions in Polish? You know, sentences such as “How about a drive?” |
| Marzena: You use Co powiesz na, followed by the accusative case. To ask “how about a drive,” you’d say Co powiesz na przejażdżkę? |
| John: Does that sentence pattern change depending on who you’re talking to? |
| Marzena: Yes. The example I gave is the second singular form. For a group of people, you’d use Co powiecie na? |
| John: How would you ask a group of people, “how about a coffee?” |
| Marzena: Co powiecie na kawę? Also, neither of these patterns should be used in formal conversation. |
| John: There’s more information on the formal versions in the lesson notes. |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Marzena: Cześć. |
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