Learn how to use the future tense
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 6 - What Is the Polish Weather Forecast Saying? John here. |
| Marzena: Cześć. I'm Marzena. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the future tense. Because it is a weather forecast, the conversation takes place on TV. |
| Marzena: The speaker is a broadcaster. |
| John: The speaker is a TV personality; therefore, she will speak formal Polish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| prezenterka: Dobry wieczór, witam państwa i zapraszam na prognozę pogody. |
| prezenterka: W nadchodzących dniach zdecydowanie się ochłodzi. |
| prezenterka: Na południu Polski temperatura spadnie z 20 do 12 stopni. |
| prezenterka: Możliwe będą przelotne burze. |
| prezenterka: Na północy miejscami będzie padało. |
| prezenterka: Od soboty pogoda się poprawi. Temperatura wzrośnie do 18 stopni nad morzem i nawet 20 na Dolnym Śląsku. |
| prezenterka: Dziękują za uwagę. Do zobaczenia jutro, o tej samej porze. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Broadcaster: Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Here comes our weather forecast. |
| Broadcaster: In the upcoming days, it will definitely cool down. |
| Broadcaster: In southern Poland, the temperature will drop from 20 to 12 degrees. |
| Broadcaster: There is a possibility of occasional storms. |
| Broadcaster: In the north part, it is going to rain in some places. |
| Broadcaster: From Saturday, the weather will improve. The temperature will rise to 18 degrees by the seaside and even to 20 in the Lower Silesia. |
| Broadcaster: Thank you for your attention. See you tomorrow at the same time. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: The weather forecast doesn’t sound that bad, apart from the rain in the north. |
| Marzena: Yeah, it’s pretty mild weather. Maybe a little cool, but not too bad. |
| John: I think that a lot of people have this image of Poland as being a really cold country. |
| Marzena: Yeah, I think that’s a common stereotype. |
| John: Is it true? |
| Marzena: Winter can be very cold. It can reach temperatures of minus 40 degrees. |
| John: Wow, that’s cold! How long does winter last? |
| Marzena: From around late November until March. |
| John: What about Polish summers? What can we expect from those? |
| Marzena: The summers can be very nice. It can get to 30 or 35 degrees, easily. |
| John: That’s nice beach weather! I prefer summer to winter. |
| Marzena: Me too! In Polish, you can say that you prefer summer to winter by saying Wolę lato od zimy. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Marzena: zapraszać [natural native speed] |
| John: to invite |
| Marzena: zapraszać[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: zapraszać [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: prognoza pogody [natural native speed] |
| John: weather forecast |
| Marzena: prognoza pogody [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: prognoza pogody [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: nadchodzcy [natural native speed] |
| John: coming |
| Marzena: nadchodzący[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: nadchodzący [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: zdecydowanie [natural native speed] |
| John: definitely |
| Marzena: zdecydowanie[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: zdecydowanie [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: ochłodzić się [natural native speed] |
| John: to cool off |
| Marzena: ochłodzić się[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: ochłodzić się [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: możliwy [natural native speed] |
| John: possible |
| Marzena: możliwy[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: możliwy [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: padać [natural native speed] |
| John: to drop |
| Marzena: padać[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: padać [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: poprawić się [natural native speed] |
| John: to improve |
| Marzena: poprawić się[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: poprawić się [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: wzrosnąć [natural native speed] |
| John: to increase |
| Marzena: wzrosnąć[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: wzrosnąć [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Marzena: uwaga [natural native speed] |
| John: attention |
| Marzena: uwaga[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: uwaga [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Marzena: zapraszam na |
| John: meaning "I invite for." Can you explain this phrase for us? |
| Marzena: Zapraszam is a first person singular form of the verb zepraszać. |
| John: This means “to invite.” |
| Marzena: Then there’s the preposition na, meaning "on." |
| John: You can use this to invite someone to something. |
| Marzena: Yes, it’s usually used for more formal invitations, but it can be used informally too. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Zapraszam wszystkich na uroczystą ucztę. |
| John: ...which means "I invite you all to a formal dinner." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Marzena: nadchodzące dni |
| John: meaning "coming days." What do the two words in this phrase mean? |
| Marzena: The first word nadchodzące consists of a prefix nad, meaning "up," and chodzące, meaning "going." |
| John: Altogether, the word means “upcoming.” |
| Marzena: The second word is a plural noun dni, meaning "days," |
| John: When would you usually hear this phrase? |
| Marzena: In formal contexts, such as in a weather forecast. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Nadchodzące dni pokażą czy to była dobra decyzja. |
| John: ...which means "Upcoming days will show if this was a good decision." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Marzena: dziękuję za uwagę |
| John: meaning "thank you for your attention." There are quite a few words in this phrase, so can you break it down for us? |
| Marzena: The first word, dziękuję, means "I'm being grateful." The preposition za follows it. |
| John: That means “for.” |
| Marzena: Last is the noun uwaga in the accusative case. |
| John: This means “attention.” Altogether, it means “thank you for your attention.” |
| Marzena: It’s rather formal. You may hear it at the end of a speech or TV broadcast. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Jeszcze raz dziękuję za państwa uwagę. |
| John: ...which means "Once again thank you for your attention." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about the future tense. |
| John: Marzena, tenses in Polish are kind of easy compared to some other languages, aren’t they? |
| Marzena: Well, there are only three main tenses - past, present, and future - so that yes, that makes it easier. |
| John: In this lesson, we’re going to look at the future tense. How do we make the future tense in Polish? |
| Marzena: Actually, there are two ways. First, we’ll look at the compound future tense. |
| John: This sometimes goes by other names, but we’ll stick with the compound future tense. |
| Marzena: For this, you use the future tense of the verb być. |
| John: This means “to be.” What are the future tenses? |
| Marzena: The masculine forms are będę, będziesz and będzie. |
| John: The others are listed in the lesson notes. So, we have the future tense of “to be.” Do we need anything else? |
| Marzena: Yes, you need to follow it with the past tense of an imperfective verb. |
| John: How do we make that past tense? |
| Marzena: You take the final ć from the infinitive and then add a prefix. This changes depending on whether the verb is masculine, feminine, neuter, or plural. |
| John: The different prefixes themselves are, again, listed in the lesson notes. For now, let’s hear some examples. |
| Marzena: Będę szła na zakupy, potrzebujesz czegoś? |
| John: “I will be going shopping; do you need something?” |
| Marzena: Będziesz szedł może do sklepu? |
| John: “Are you going to the shop by any chance?” So that’s how you make the future tense for imperfect verbs. What about perfect verbs? |
| Marzena: We use the present tense. By taking a perfective verb and making present tense form, we actually express a future meaning. |
| John: Can you work through an example of this? |
| Marzena: Sure. Let’s take a look at płacić - this means “to pay” in imperfective form. The present tense is płacę. |
| John: Meaning “I pay.” |
| Marzena: But, take the perfective zapłacić. Then, make it into the present tense, zapłacę. |
| John: Then it becomes the future tense, “I will pay.” |
| Marzena: That’s right. An example sentence is Jutro pójdę na zakupy. |
| John: “I will go shopping tomorrow.” Let’s finish by looking at a few vocabulary words that can be used to describe weather changes. |
| Marzena: We can say ochłodzić się |
| John: “To get colder.” |
| Marzena: ocieplić się |
| John: “To get hotter.” |
| Marzena: wypogodzić się or rozpogodzić się |
| John: These both mean “to clear up.” Finally, let’s hear an example sentence. |
| Marzena: Od jutra powinno się wypogodzić. |
| John: “From tomorrow, the weather should get better.” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Marzena: Cześć. |
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