Learn how to expand your vocabulary by changing verbs to nouns
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hello everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 7 - Everyone Has Their Vices in Poland! John here. |
| Marzena: Cześć. I'm Marzena. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll expand your vocabulary by changing verbs to nouns. The conversation takes place at work. |
| Marzena: It's between Monica and Thomas. |
| John: The speakers are co-workers; therefore, they’ll speak informal Polish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Tomasz: To co? Idziemy na obiad? |
| Monika: Daj mi jeszcze chwilkę, wiesz liczenie trochę zajmuje. |
| Tomasz: To ja sobie zapalę. |
| Monika: Ej, palenie jest niezdrowe! |
| Tomasz: Tak samo jak picie. |
| Monika: Co masz na myśli? |
| Tomasz: Picie coli czy tych innych słodkich napojów. |
| Monika: Oj tam, ja codziennie ćwiczę. |
| Tomasz: No tak, uprawianie sportu jest zdrowe. |
| Monika: Wiesz co jeszcze jest szkodliwe? Gadanie, gdy szefowa próbuje podliczyć twoją pensję. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Thomas: So what? Are we going out for lunch? |
| Monica: Just give me a minute. You know counting takes some time. |
| Thomas: Then I will just go for a cigarette. |
| Monica: Hey, smoking is unhealthy! |
| Thomas: Same as drinking. |
| Monica: What do you mean? |
| Thomas: Drinking Cola or other sodas. |
| Monica: Oh well, I exercise every day. |
| Thomas: Well yeah, sport is healthy. |
| Monica: You know what else is bad for you? Talking to your boss when she is trying to calculate your salary. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: There was a bit of lively banter between co-workers in that dialogue. |
| Marzena: Right? They seem to have a good working relationship. |
| John: What’s the work culture like in Poland? |
| Marzena: It’s still going through a period of change. |
| John: How’s it changing? |
| Marzena: Up until 15 or 20 years ago, it was popular for workers to work from 6am to 2pm. |
| John: If that was the regular working shift, when was the lunch break? |
| Marzena: There wasn’t a lunch break. That’s why lunch took so long to become part of Polish culture. |
| John: What were the meal times then? |
| Marzena: After work, so around 2:30 up to 3pm, people would have a hot meal, and then a cold supper later. |
| John: And this is changing now? |
| Marzena: Yes. In the bigger cities, some companies are offering lunches and brunches now. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Marzena: dać [natural native speed] |
| John: to give |
| Marzena: dać[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: dać [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: chwilka [natural native speed] |
| John: moment |
| Marzena: chwilka[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: chwilka [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: liczenie [natural native speed] |
| John: counting |
| Marzena: liczenie[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: liczenie [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: zapalić sobie [natural native speed] |
| John: to smoke |
| Marzena: zapalić sobie[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: zapalić sobie [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: palenie [natural native speed] |
| John: smoking |
| Marzena: palenie[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: palenie [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: niezdrowy [natural native speed] |
| John: unhealthy |
| Marzena: niezdrowy[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: niezdrowy [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: jak [natural native speed] |
| John: how |
| Marzena: jak[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: jak [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: oj [natural native speed] |
| John: oh |
| Marzena: oj[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: oj [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: szkodliwy [natural native speed] |
| John: harmful |
| Marzena: szkodliwy[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: szkodliwy [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Marzena: pensja [natural native speed] |
| John: salary |
| Marzena: pensja[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: pensja [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Marzena: Daj mi chwilkę. |
| John: Meaning "Give me a moment." Can you break this phrase down for us, please? |
| Marzena: The verb daj is an imperative form of the verb dawać. |
| John: This means “to give.” |
| Marzena: The final word is the noun chwilka in accusative form |
| John: This means “a moment.” You can use this phrase to ask for more time. |
| Marzena: It’s an informal expression, so you should only use it with people you know well. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Daj mi jeszcze chwilkę pospać. |
| John: ...which means "Let me sleep for just a moment more." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Marzena: tak samo jak |
| John: meaning "same as." What can you tell us about the words in this phrase? |
| Marzena: The first word, tak doesn’t mean “yes” in this phrase; it means “so.” When combined with samo, it means “in the same way.” |
| John: The three words together mean “the same as.” |
| Marzena: Yes, tak samo jak. Jak means “how.” |
| John: You can use this phrase to say that two things are similar. |
| Marzena: Or, that they’re being done in the same way. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Zrobiłam to tak samo jak ty. |
| John: ...which means "I did it the same way as you." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Marzena: oj tam |
| John: meaning "Oh well." What can you tell us about this phrase? |
| Marzena: Oj is an informal exclamation. |
| John: It means “oh.” |
| Marzena: Tam means “over there.” |
| John: Together, it can be translated as “oh, well” or “oh, come on.” |
| Marzena: Yes, it shows a level of indifference and should only be used in informal situations. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Oj tam, nie ma się co przejmować. |
| John: ...which means "Oh well, you don't have to worry so much." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll expand your vocabulary by changing verbs to nouns. |
| John: If you understand this pattern, it’ll really expand your Polish vocabulary. |
| Marzena: Yes, it will! Let’s start with rzeczowniki odczasownikowe. |
| John: In English, we call these gerunds. |
| Marzena: These change depending on the ending of the verb. For example, verbs that end in -ać, -eć or -ować have a nie ending. |
| John: Can you give us an example? |
| Marzena: Take, for example, the verb “to read.” That’s czytać. The gerund is czytanie. |
| John: The ending of the verb changed, as Marzena explained. There’s a table in the lesson notes with the rules for other verb endings. Now let’s hear some more examples. |
| Marzena: Okay. The verb tańczyć is “to dance.” Let’s see it as gerund in a sentence. Tańczenie jest moją pasją. |
| John: “Dancing is my passion.” |
| Marzena: The verb pić is “to drink.” Again, an example of a gerund sentence is Picie alkoholu może szkodzić zdrowiu. |
| John: “Drinking alcohol can harm your health.” |
| Marzena: I think we should quickly talk about a different nie - the nie that means “not.” |
| John: Sometimes, it interacts differently with comparative or superlative adjectives. |
| Marzena: Yes, usually it’s written separately with these types of adjectives. |
| John: But with the comparative and superlative forms it becomes a suffix. Take “unhappy” for example. |
| Marzena: Right, this would be, nieszczęśliwszy and najnieszczęśliwszy. |
| John: That’s “unhappier” and “unhappiest.” Finally, let’s look at how we can talk about something we want to “try” to do. |
| Marzena: We can use the verb próbować. This means “to try” or “to taste.” |
| John: It can be used with both nouns and verbs. |
| Marzena: When used with nouns, it’s always followed by the genitive case. With verbs, it’s followed by an infinitive. It’s also often used in the perfective aspect, becoming spróbować. |
| John: Let’s look at some examples. |
| Marzena: Spróbuj tego sernika, jest wyśmienity! |
| John: “Try this cheesecake; it’s amazing!” |
| Marzena: Spróbuj może użyć czegoś innego. |
| John: “Maybe try to use something else.” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Marzena: Cześć. |
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